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The Maltese temples are the oldest freestanding structures in the world. They were
built before the Egyptian pyramids. They were constructed out of durable coralline and
softer globigerina limestone. The Mnajdra Temples reveal the western world's earliest
construction methods. Although they have withstood the elements for several millennia
many of the temples are collapsing due to intense weathering. 500 metres below Hagar Qim Temple not far from the village of Qrendi, there are a group of three temples, which are called the Mnajdra Temples. The smallest temple has two apses, but three thresholds. The central temple, which was the last to be built, includes an artificial terrace. This temple has two pairs of apses and is certainly the most regular in construction and choice of materials. The Mnajdra Temple has been classified as one of the world's 100 most endangered monuments. The Mnajdra Temple was built close to the edge of the peninsula facing the sea and the little islet of Filfla. The Mnajdra Temple is mostly built with coralline limestone, hence its rugged appearance. On the other hand, the polished slabs are rubbed smooth and decorated. The polished slabs are globigerina limestone brought down from the neighbourhood of the Hagar Qim Temple. The megalithic monuments of Mnajdra are on high ground facing the sea. The outer casings of the walls consist of blocks of coralline limestone. The inside is made up entirely of the softer globigerina. The complicated and elaborate design of the Mnajdra Temples perhaps lack the mastery, appeal and sheer prominence of those at nearby Hagar Qim Temple. Yet, they tend to mix better with their surrounding. The Mnajdra Temples are beautifully balanced. The main portal, made up of the typical "Trilithon Entrance" is ten feet high. It leads to oracle chambers located behind four apses. Most impressive are the stone columns forming the frameworks of the openings and of the monolithic doors. The oldest temple at Mnajdra, dating back to the Ggantija Phase the small temple. The lower and middle temples belong to the Tarxien phase. The middle temple is most simple design and structure and it marks a relative 'decline' from the magnificence of the earlier megalithic structures.
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